It is known that education and especially women’s education has influenced fertility behaviors in the Maghreb. In Algeria, fertility decline began (in the end of the 1970’s) among educated women and after it diffused throughout the other spheres of the society. It will be interesting to know if this new changes are linked with education. Today, both men and women make long studies, compared with their parents who were in 90 illiterate in the 1960. They live long periods of celibacy and have much more time compared to their parents to have experiences in the job market. In this context it is interesting to test the relationship between education and the constitution of the family and test if gender norms can influence the ideal family size. Using original an original survey where both men and women were asked for the first time in Algeria, we propose to analyze the relationship between fertility preferences of young single and their opinions on gender norms.