After 50 years of decline, the total fertility rate in Egypt, the Middle East most populous country, is now back up to 3.5. That level is lower than in Iraq and Yemen where it is over four, but higher than in Saudi Arabia and Iran. In such context, it is important to understand societal norms on fertility studying ideal family size: our study aims to analyze the relationship between fertility preferences of women and men and their opinions on gender norms in Egypt. Using Poisson regressions, we test the effect of gender attitudes of women and men on ideal number of children controlling for respondents’ demographic characteristics. Data stems from Egypt Health Issues Survey of 2015. This unique dataset is particularly adapted to our analysis as for the first time in Egypt, questions on ideal family size were asked to both married and unmarried women and men aged 15-59 years.