Health inequalities are the result of socio-economic disparities which are associated with unequal exposure to social, economic and environmental risk factors. In 2008, the Commission on Social Determinants of Health highlights the existence of new health inequalities and disparities in the access to the healthcare sector between and within countries due to differences in gender, social class and ethnicity. The onset of the economic crisis has further complicated this debate. The welfare state plays an important role in influencing the social determinant of health. Using the 2005 and 2013 waves for the Italian and the 2006 and 2014 waves for the French Health Condition Survey, the study aims to analyse foreigners’ health conditions and their healthcare utilisation in Italy and France, verifying whether the socioeconomic and political context could affect health inequalities. Results have shown that foreigners in Italy declare better health than Italians, conversely in France worse health conditions are detected. In both countries foreigners use less health services than natives. The study calls for consider new policies for reducing social exclusion and bringing immigrant populations closer to health services in both countries.